How To Build A Wheelchair Ramp Over Steps

Use this step-by-step guide to safely build a wheelchair ramp for your loved one.

How To Plan Your Wheelchair Ramp

Start out with a list of tools/equipment you’ll need for this project. Gather the following things:

Hammer.
Drill.
Concrete anchor screws.
Wood glue.
Cutting tools like a hand saw, table saw, circular saw, or jigsaw.
Measuring tape and level.
Plywood or deck material for the ramp and landing.
Various lengths of screws.
Carriage bolts.
Lumber for posts, joists, and edges.

Steps To Building A Wheelchair Ramp

Before starting any project, check the ADA recommendations and requirements for wheelchair ramps. Next, carefully follow these steps to create your DIY ramp.

Step 1. Completely Clear The Area

DO NOT overlook this very important first step toward building a ramp.
Clear the area entirely.
Remove any debris or obstacles that could obstruct the DIY building process.
Ensure the ground is level at this time.
Pour the concrete foundation for the ramp.

Step 2. Build Your Frame

Construct a sturdy frame from the treated lumber you purchased for the project.
This frame will serve as the foundation of the ramp’s surface.
Make sure your frame is level and anchored securely to the ground using anchor footings.
Cut wood joists (2x6s are the recommended length) of your DIY ramp.
You must cut an angle along the bottom of the joists at the point where they will rest on the ground.
Secure them to the existing threshold using either brackets or sturdy screws.
You’ll have to construct posts in order to secure the ramp and any side railings by digging post holes or connecting the railings to the ramp for additional stability.
Make sure the posts are tall enough to support railings that are at least 34 inches above the surface of the ramp.
Always check your local codes for stability and safety regulations.
Use carriage bolts to attach posts to support joists and add cross-bracing, if desired.

Step 3. Install Plywood

Attach sturdy plywood to the frame’s top to create the surface of the ramp.
Ensure the plywood is fastened securely and level to provide as smooth a ride as possible.
Use your circular saw to cut sheets of 3/4-inch plywood for the ramp’s full length.
Glue and screw the sheets together for each segment of the ramp.
Place your plywood atop the ramp’s base and secure this using screws.

Step 4. Add Handrails

You may need to install handrails along the sides of the ramp depending on local building codes.
Top the side posts with your desired material.
You will also want to create a guardrail or bumper along the ramp’s bottom edge.

Step 5. Create Landings

Incorporate landing platforms at both the top and bottom of the ramp and at any other point where the ramp changes directions.
These platforms offer a resting area, which makes it easier to navigate turns on a wheelchair.
Cut sheets of 3/4-inch plywood into five-foot lengths to serve as landings on the top and bottom.
These must be at least as wide as your ramp and at least 60 inches long, allowing space for wheelchairs to completely turn around.

Step 6. Add Non-Slip Surface

Once the construction of the ramp has been completed, perform a thorough inspection to see if there are any loose screws or potential issues.
Once the ramp’s surface is even, you can add anti-slip tape or a thin rubber layer.
Make any necessary adjustments to ensure user safety at all times.

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